The royal couple, however, had only a very vague idea of the proper educational development of a child. Another 48-page document, written a year and a half later by the Baron Stockmar, intimate of the royal couple, details the educational principles which were to be used with the little princess. Shortly after the birth of Victoria, Prince Albert wrote a memoir detailing the tasks and duties of all those involved with the royal children. For his part, Prince Albert, born in the small Duchy of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, had received a more careful education, thanks to his uncle King Leopold I of Belgium. In fact, Queen Victoria, who succeeded her uncle King William IV at the age of 18, believed that she herself had not been sufficiently prepared for the government affairs. The royal couple decided to give their children as complete an education as possible. Victoria with her father Prince Albert and his greyhound Eos. Her godparents were Queen Adelaide (her great-aunt), the King of the Belgians (her great-uncle), the Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (paternal grandfather, for whom the Duke of Wellington stood proxy), the Duke of Sussex (her great-uncle), the Duchess of Gloucester (her great-aunt) and the Duchess of Kent (her grandmother). The Lily font was commissioned especially for the occasion of her christening. She was baptised in the Throne Room of Buckingham Palace on 10 February 1841 (on her parents' first wedding anniversary) by the Archbishop of Canterbury, William Howley. To her family, she was known simply as "Vicky". On 19 January 1841, she was made Princess Royal, a title sometimes conferred on the eldest daughter of the sovereign. In addition, she was heir presumptive to the throne of the United Kingdom, from her birth until the birth of her younger brother Prince Albert Edward (later King Edward VII) on 9 November 1841. As a daughter of the sovereign, Victoria was born a British princess. When she was born, the doctor exclaimed sadly: "Oh Madame, it's a girl!" The Queen replied: "Never mind, next time it will be a prince!". She was the first child of Queen Victoria and her husband, Prince Albert. Princess Victoria was born on 21 November 1840 at Buckingham Palace, London. Portrait by Franz Xaver Winterhalter, 1842.
These give a detailed insight into life at the Prussian court between 18. The correspondence between Victoria and her parents has been preserved almost completely: 3,777 letters from Queen Victoria to her eldest daughter, and about 4,000 letters from the empress to her mother are preserved and catalogued. Increasingly isolated after the weddings of her younger daughters, Victoria died of breast cancer on 5 August 1901, not long after her mother's death on 22 January 1901. The empress dowager then settled in Kronberg im Taunus, where she built Friedrichshof, a castle, named in honour of her late husband. After her husband's death, she became widely known as Empress Frederick (German: Kaiserin Friedrich). Frederick III died in 1888 – 99 days after his accession – from laryngeal cancer and was succeeded by their son William II, who had much more conservative views than his parents. Victoria was empress for only a few months, during which she had opportunity to influence the policy of the German Empire. This isolation increased after the rise to power of Otto von Bismarck, one of her most staunch political opponents, in 1862. Criticised for this attitude and for her English origins, Victoria suffered ostracism by the Hohenzollerns and the Berlin court. Victoria shared with Frederick her liberal views and hopes that Prussia and the later German Empire should become a constitutional monarchy, based on the British model. She was the mother of Wilhelm II, German Emperor.Įducated by her father in a politically liberal environment, Victoria was married at age 17 to Prince Frederick of Prussia, with whom she had eight children. She was the eldest child of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom and Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, and was created Princess Royal in 1841. Victoria, Princess Royal (Victoria Adelaide Mary Louisa 21 November 1840 – 5 August 1901) was German Empress and Queen of Prussia as the wife of German Emperor Frederick III.
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